昨天在极度郁闷中读到这个,晕了过去。
This article is one of a series on the
Pattern
System, a way of understanding personality that looks at the various
parts of your psyche rather than your personality as a whole. Each
article focuses on a specific personality pattern. This one highlights
the Procrastination Pattern.
Read over the following
statements to see if they apply to you under some circumstances:
先看看你是不是属于消极怠工那种人:
-我总是在知道有事要做时候不动手
-我老不排主次做决定
-生活中该做的改变我老推迟不动
-我在项目中间卡住然后就任其为之
-我老是被别的事吸引了注意力然后就把必须得做的给忘了
-我老是不去做那些可能有出错的危险或者需要当众出头露面的事
-我每天在那想阿计划阿做白日梦阿,就是不动手
-我每天都在放松享乐而不去做重要的事
-我有一些特别想做的事,可是就是一直都开始不了
-我老是能开头可是都坚持不下来
-我会错过项目的最后期限,或常常在到期前一晚熬夜赶工
-我常常对自己答应要做的事不能兑现诺言
 |
I avoid taking actions that I know are needed |
 |
I can’t get my priorities clear or make
decisions that would allow me to take action |
 |
I put off making needed changes in my life |
 |
I get stuck in the middle of a project and let
it slide |
 |
I get distracted and forget about something
that has to be done |
 |
I avoid doing certain things that involve risk
or putting myself out publicly |
 |
I spend my time thinking, planning, or
daydreaming but I don’t actually take action |
 |
I spend my time relaxing and enjoying myself
rather than doing something important |
 |
There is something I really want to do, but I
never get around to it |
 |
I start on a practice of discipline or
self-care, but I don’t stick with it. |
 |
I miss a deadline for a project at work (or
school) or stay up all night to get it finished |
 |
I don’t carry thru on something I have
committed to do |
If some of these statements apply to you, you may
have a Procrastination Pattern, even if they only apply to you under
certain circumstances. Personality patterns aren’t the same as
personality types. A pattern represents only a part of you, and it
doesn’t have to be a dominant or pervasive part. You may procrastinate
only about certain actions or in particular situations.
The Procrastination Pattern is a trailhead to
transformation. By paying attention to this pattern and exploring
yourself, you can transform your ability to take action. This article
can help you understand the Procrastination Pattern and learn how to
accomplish what you want in your life.
If the above statements fit someone you know, this
article can you help you understand them and how to relate to them more
effectively.
What Procrastination Looks Like
基本症状比如避重就轻,拖拉,不履行承诺,不遵循计划,自己觉得没意思没兴趣的事尤其明显。很多时候还是无意的、出于潜意识或者习惯的那么做。比如本来要学习,却因为房间乱拿不起书来,可是说收拾房间却也提不起来。还有人上班就玩游戏,任务勉强完成,自己也知道,可是改不了。这个是长期的、形成习惯了得一种行为模式,跟单纯的犯懒还是有很大区别的。
If you have a Procrastination Pattern, you tend to
avoid certain kinds of action. You may avoid tasks that have to be done
that you don’t particularly enjoy. You may also avoid things you really
want to do, especially activities that involve taking risks and the
possibility of failure. You may start a project but not stay with it or
not complete it. Or it takes you so long to finish it that you miss
important deadlines.
Procrastination usually happens out of awareness.
People who procrastinate rarely make a conscious decision not to do
something. They just go along with their lives, and after a while they
realize that they haven’t done the task. They got distracted with other
things. They got lost in thought. They spent time relaxing, partying,
having fun. Sometimes they worked hard doing things that were less
important than the task they were avoiding.
For example, Joe was working on a creative video
project that he was very excited about. However, he felt that he needed
to really clean up his home-office before he would feel comfortable
doing it. And this seemed to take forever. Then he found himself
exercising and cooking rather than working on the project. He finally
realized he was avoiding it.
Sometimes it isn’t a specific task that you are
avoiding. It is the thinking and planning that would be required for you
to take action. You never seem to find the time to do it. Alternatively
you may think and plan obsessively but never actually make a decision
about what to do. For example, Angie was tired of her current occupation
and really wanted to find something that was more creative and
meaningful for her. She made lists of interesting lines of work. She
thought over different possibilities. She weighed the pros and cons of
various directions. But she couldn’t make up her mind. There were too
many options; she felt confused. Then for long stretches she would just
get caught up in her current job and life and forget about a new career.
As a result of procrastination, important tasks are
left undone or get done late. Projects may be done poorly because they
had to be rushed at the last minute. Life decisions are postponed. You
may feel stuck in your life because the changes you want to make never
quite materialize. Achievement and advancement are put off or abandoned
because you don’t take the steps to make them happen. I coach people in
finding and actualizing their life purpose and their ideal career (see
www.lifepurposecoaching.com), and the Procrastination Pattern is one
of the biggest roadblocks to making their dreams come true.
In Groups and Organizations. At work or
school, procrastination often leads to missing deadlines for projects.
This is a classic problem for students. Procrastination sometimes means
not living up to commitments you make to other people in a group or
organization. For example, Sean was given a major project with a
deadline, and because he wanted a promotion, he committed himself to
getting it finished and doing a great job. However, he seemed to get
involved in chatting with co-workers a lot. He found himself playing
games on his computer. He would then try to make up for this by working
late for days in a row. This would go well for a while, but then the
pattern would repeat. He would sit for hours trying to work on the
project while his mind drifted off onto other things.
When You Procrastinate. If you have a
Procrastination Pattern, this doesn’t necessarily mean that you always
procrastinate. It simply means that a part of you does. There may be
other parts of you that feel and act differently. And your
procrastinating part may be activated in certain situations but not in
others. You may procrastinate at work but not at home, or you may
procrastinate only about certain activities that frighten you.
Being at Ease
If you have a Procrastination Pattern, you may also
have a tendency towards the Ease Pattern, which is the healthy version
of Procrastination. The Ease Pattern means functioning in life in a
relaxed way without effort, not being overly attached to outcome, being
present in each moment while still taking care of business. It means
that your work flows in a pleasurable, easy way as you accomplish
things.
Ease means not being tense or agitated while doing
things. It means not stressing yourself with too much work, having a
good balance of work and other activities in your life. The big
difference between Ease and Procrastination is that with the Ease
Pattern, you get things done. Your relaxation is not to avoid action but
rather to do the action in a flowing way.
Why We Procrastinate
我们为啥会消极怠工呢?
以下列出的原因归为这些 :
害怕失败或被人下结论;害怕被拒绝;因为觉得反正也改变不了现状所以破罐破摔;畏难情绪;对立情绪,等等。
In this article, I will be making use of what is
known in the psychotherapy field about subpersonalities or parts of
ourselves. This knowledge is especially drawn from
Internal Family Systems Therapy (IFS), a powerful and respectful
approach to working with parts. You can think of parts as little people
inside us. Each has its own perspective, feelings, memories, goals, and
motivations.
The most important thing to understand about
procrastination is that it happens because there is a part of you that
doesn’t want to do the task. This part is usually unconscious. You feel
that you want to do the task, or at least you realize that you have to
do it. But you can’t understand why it isn’t getting done. This is
because there are two parts of you in conflict. One part wants to do the
task, and the other part doesn’t. In order to resolve this dilemma, you
must get in touch with the part that wants to avoid the task.
Fear of Failure or Judgment. There
are a number of reasons why this part of you might want to
procrastinate. Sometimes it is an attempt to avoid failing at something
or being judged as inadequate. You might even be afraid of being
humiliated if you stick your neck out. Frequently the tasks that get put
off are those that involve risk―making a presentation, calling people on
the phone, writing and article or a book, proposing a project, applying
for a job, starting a business. If you were judged harshly as a child by
one of your parents when you did certain things, this could make a part
of you afraid of attempting similar things now. If you were humiliated
by your siblings or friends at school, this could make a part of you
afraid to put yourself out.
For example, when Delores had homework for school,
her father would help her with it, but he had no patience for the time
needed for a child to learn things. He was constantly critical of her,
and this made her feel inadequate. Now whenever she is faced with a task
or project that could involve failure, she becomes frightened. The fear
is unconscious but it makes her avoid projects.
Other Fears. Sometimes procrastination comes from a fear of
rejection. You may avoid asking someone out on a date or going to an
event to meet new people, because you are afraid of not being liked, not
measuring up, being rejected. It can also come from a
fear of disaster or danger. Anything that causes fear of action can
result in procrastination.
Despair. Fear of
action can be compounded by a
hopeless attitude. A part of you may feel that no matter how hard you
try, you won’t be successful, you won’t get appreciation, you won’t be
accepted or loved. This is often a defense against taking risks, and a
very effective one. The hopeless part says, “Why bother taking action?
Why bother putting myself at risk? I will just be judged or dismissed
anyway.” And so it procrastinates to keep you safe.
Avoidance of Difficulties. Sometimes
procrastination is an attempt to avoid facing situations that are
painful or difficult. You might avoid something that involves having to
make a difficult choice, or confronting someone you are close to, or
seeing how much pain a loved one is feeling. Jeff is a 78 year old who
procrastinated about investigating assisted living possibilities because
he didn’t want to think about losing his functioning. Anything that you
would rather not face can become the focus of procrastination. In most
cases, you would never choose consciously to avoid it, but
procrastination happens outside of awareness.
Some people are actually identified with the part of
them that doesn’t want to take action. If you are like this, you may not
want to do tasks that you find boring or unpleasant that need to be
done. You aren’t concerned about doing them, even if not doing them
makes your life more difficult. You may not care enough about getting a
better job or taking care of your health. You may not care enough about
your grades in school or paying your bills. You may feel that life is
for enjoyment and having fun, and everything else is secondary.
Defiance. Procrastination can also be an
unconscious bid for autonomy. If a task is given to you by your boss or
your teacher, for example, a part of you may be angry at being told what
to do. This part resents being told to do something boring or difficult.
You may not be aware of the resentment because another part of you knows
that you have to do the task, and that is the part you identify with.
You are consciously planning to get the task done before the deadline,
so you push your anger into your unconscious. But you do this at your
peril because the time keeps slipping away and you aren’t getting enough
done. The resentful, procrastinating part is the one in charge. It is
defying your teacher or your boss by avoiding the task, because it wants
to be autonomous, and all this is happening without your being aware of
it. This is a form of the Passive-Aggressive Pattern.
This kind of unconscious defiance can also be
directed at a part of yourself. For example, Mike decided that he wanted
to get regular exercise to improve his health. A part of him (let’s call
it the Driver) set up an exercise program that he was supposed to
follow. However, another part of him (the Rebel) resented being told
what to do, even by another part of Mike. The Driver and the Rebel got
locked into battles outside Mike’s awareness, and the result was that
his exercising was hit-and-miss. And he didn’t keep up with it.
This dynamic often gets created when there was a
parent who frequently told you what to do in a way that didn’t respect
your own needs and desires. For example, Mike’s mother constantly nagged
at him to practice his trumpet and made him feel bad when he didn’t. She
knew he had talent and she wasn’t interested in how he felt about
playing the trumpet. Mike’s Rebel part resented his mother’s invasion of
his autonomy. Now in his current life, Mike’s Driver has a style of
assigning him tasks that is similar to his mother’s style―demanding and
critical. This is an example of the Inner Critic Pattern. This does not
sit well with the Rebel. Any time his Driver part sets up a task, it
feels like another invasion and the Rebel goes on strike. This is an
example of the Defiance Pattern. Those two are constantly in conflict.
In Internal Family Systems Therapy, this dynamic is called polarization.
后面的还是去看原文叭。
基本上分析了一下两极化的现象,就是一边自己在责备自己,一边自己又反感对立这种苛责,所以忙着自己跟自己左右互搏,以致啥也干不了。最后还说到如果你身边有人是有种消极怠工的问题,你该拿他怎么办。主要原则就是你不能老数落他,因为消极怠工的人往往自己心里也是知道的,而且往往就是由于小时候被逼多了,产生逆反心理,所以你越数落他他越没法干,只能当顺毛儿驴。嘿嘿嘿。